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gdb provides interfaces to useful OS facilities that can help you debug your program.
When gdb runs on a Posix system (such as GNU or Unix
machines), it interfaces with the inferior via the ptrace
system call. The operating system creates a special sata structure,
called struct user, for this interface. You can use the
command info udot to display the contents of this data
structure.
info udotstruct user maintained by the OS
kernel for the program being debugged. gdb displays the
contents of struct user as a list of hex numbers, similar to
the examine command.
Some operating systems supply an auxiliary vector to programs at startup. This is akin to the arguments and environment that you specify for a program, but contains a system-dependent variety of binary values that tell system libraries important details about the hardware, operating system, and process. Each value's purpose is identified by an integer tag; the meanings are well-known but system-specific. Depending on the configuration and operating system facilities, gdb may be able to show you this information. For remote targets, this functionality may further depend on the remote stub's support of the ‘qXfer:auxv:read’ packet, see qXfer auxiliary vector read.
info auxv